A hierarchical naming system used for computers, resources, or any services connected to a private network or the internet is called the Domain Name System (DNS). It is used to associate various information for domain names which are assigned to each of the participants in the network. It translates the domain names to meaningful numerical identifiers (binary) which can be easily understood by humans enabling them to locate and connect to these addresses anywhere in the world. A good and often used analogy to understand Domain Name System is to think of it as a ‘phone book’ of the internet, which translates computer host names into Internet Protocol addresses. Example www.howany.com translates to 216.75.9.92.

Enabling people and applications to lookup addresses and records in the DNS table is the primary purpose of a DNS server. Most of the DNS servers in the world are private which means they can only be accessed by the internal network, that is, providing service only to the people inside the organizations who maintain or own them. Only a few DNS on the internet enable resolutions for any person who request it. Such Domain Name Servers are popularly called ‘Public DNS servers’. Most of the DNS servers which are public are public on purpose although some might have been accidentally mis configured by the system administrator. Such DNS servers are usually fixed quickly.

To find your DNS you can follow these steps.

• For *nix users (Linux/UNIX/Mac systems)

The C library contains a set of resolvers that are there to provide access to DNS on the internet. The resolver routines reads information from the resolver configuration file whenever they are invoked by any process.

To see the address of your DNS server first type the following command in the shell prompt.

$ sudo cat /etc/resolv.conf

Alternatively you can type

$ sudo less /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 119.24.1.42

nameserver 229.24.1.43

Where,

the nameserver 119.24.1.42 : is the nameserver IP address that the resolver should query. Every application that connects to the internet will use this particular IP address for DNS purpose.

• For windows users (Vista/NT/XP/2003 systems)

Click on the start menu and then click on run. Type in cmd and press the enter key to open up the command prompt (the run window can also be opened using the shortcut Winkey+R).

Now type in the following command in the open DOS prompt

C:>ipconfig /all

This command should show you your DNS server IP address and a lot of other information (IP address etc) related to networking on Windows.

Alternatively

Click on Start button and then go to settings. Navigate to network connections (also present in the control panel). Now double click on the Local Area Connection (or whichever is your primary internet connection). Click on the properties button. Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) option. Once again click on the properties and look for the preferred DNS server. It should open a box with your configuration which will display you DNS server.

Related Tags: how to find DNS

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Always remember happiness is a state of mind. Happiness stems from the state of our mind and not by having a big bank balance or our social status. Almost all of us have lead really happy lives and kids. Wherever we turned then there were new experiences which couldn’t be judged on the basis of past experiences. There was barely a sense of passing time and each moment was lived to the fullest in the present moment. Being less self aware we turned our thoughts ourward, and lived life to the fullest.

• Be your own favorite child: Give yourself the attention that you would otherwise give to a small child. Eat well and eat healthy. Listen to yourself. Discipline yourself, take out time for yourself and exercise, play some games, meet your friends and always practice moderation. Love your self.
• Make your own happiness: Decide what makes you happy. Do you like sports or spending time with yourself alone? Take out time to do this. Schedule yourself a planner and decide a time to take for yourself and do what makes you really happy. Live the moment to the fullest.
• Kill the misery: Look at yourself and decide what makes you unhappy. Take a look at what emotions influence you the most. Is it sadness, anxiety or fear? Talk about your feelings to your closest friends. Do not isolate yourself.  Do not complain and gossip all the time. If there is a problem that has been bugging for a long time deal with it or chuck it. What you cant solve is not worth the trouble.
• Journal all the good things: Keep a journal of all the nice things people have done for you. Feel grateful, they weren’t obliged to be nice, but they wanted to be. Write down daily the things that you are grateful about. Do not take your own life for granted, all life is precious.
• Manage your emotions: Whenever you feel sad or depressed accept it as its a natural part of life. Know that without moments of sadness and anxiety, happiness and peace will have no value. Know that you are human and its inevitable to face all the emotions.
• Feign happiness: Cast yourself as a happy person n life. Pretending to be happy leads to happiness. Smile at people around you and be cheerful and people will be cheerful to you. Laugh a few times a day, let yourself free.
• Money: Money cant buy happiness. How many people who actually are extremely rich and yet perfectly happy? Know that money is not everything. Simplify your life. Live a quality life. Do what you do well and with great care and attention. This will bring about immense satisfaction.
• Spontaneity: Live life as it happens, give yourself permission to be spontaneous. Be curious, inquisitive and amused, explore and let yourself free from worries. Give love freely. Enjoy life.
• Practice happiness: Be it at home or at work, engage in activities that make you happy. Read a few funny cheery books  like Hitchhikers guide to the Galaxy. Play around and be a kid again. Let to ride a bi cycle, or climb a tree. Do what you always wanted to. Bring around a sense of playfulness in your life.

And remember, always keep smiling, no matter what. This will not only bring happiness to yourself but also to everybody around you. A smile can change someones day.

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First step is to jot down what you know about the person like:

• The persons name (last, first, middle, married, maiden or even nicknames)
• Date of birth and age of the person.
• All the address you are aware of.
• Their school, college, past jobs etc.
• Their likes and dislikes as well as habits.
• anyone you know who could have met the same person like common friends or their neighbors etc.
• Anything that you remember about them, however unimportant something might seem, write it down anyway, you never know whats useful and whats not.

Look for the name:

Every time you can find a clue that can point to the person write it down. Put “quotation” marks around their name (each version of their name, nick name etc.) and search it up search engines such as google. The more the variations of the names you try and the more search engines you search on the higher the chances of finding more info on the person. If there is a possibility that the person has moved to another country, try the local search engine of that country, eg www.google.in or www.google.cn are googles local searches for India and China respectively.

If its a woman you are searching for she could have married someone and then changed her maiden name accordingly. Try looking on various social networking sites such as facebook , orkut or myspace etc.

Try searching on some people search engines. These allow you to find people freely. A good example is www.find-people-free-search.com which also happens to be a free service. You could stumble upon some very useful information using these.

Look up the persons phone number in search engines. If listed anywhere on Internet it will show up. Put the entire number in quotation marks to find exact matches. Try putting in periods, hyphens etc. which are commonly used to separate phone numbers.

Go and find the offices of organizations the person might have joined or had been associated with in the past. It could be their ex-church, a non profit company or even their old work place. Ask for the listing of their directory or at least check the persons name and the time they last showed up. Talk to their friends or work partners preset there. Ask them when was the last time they spoke with the person you are looking for and if they know where they moved to. Explain it to them why you are trying to find this person as they might be reluctant to give out details so as not to compromise on safety. Leave your phone number and name with these people just in case.

Post an advertisement. Print it in local newspapers or post online (example crageslist). Explain clearly why you are looking for them and also leave a number so people can get in touch with you. You could also make your own website using their name as a keyword. People tend to search their own names and if they do they could stumble across your site.

If all of the above fails look to hire a private investigator. You could just hire one right away if you do not have the time to tediously search around. Leaving it to a professional might also give you quicker results.

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Career is a word which can be described as a progress or itinerary throughout the life of an individual.  It is basically considered as “formal education” or sometimes as “remunerative work”.  The word “career” has been derived from the Latin word “carrera”. “Carrera’ means “race” i.e. “rat race”. A career is a route of successive situations, which builds up a person’s employment.  In the late 20^th century, the increment in the choices of potential professions and more prevalent educations has allowed an individual to choose a career.  In the early 21^st century, the individuals had a multiple or dual careers, they were confused in making choices, in this value the careers of the career advisor or career counselor have developed.  Earlier, before modernism, many people used to stick to a single lifetime position at their place of work, and the idea of recounting career had no meaning at all. Career became possible with the illumination of the idea of improvement for the self-betterment of individuals.

Traditionally the idea of career has developed with development in order of hierarchy within an organizations or profession. An individual’s roles of life and work throughout their lifespan are referred to as career. This traditional version of career development makes it clear that people can progress in their career in both ways vertically as well as horizontally.

You are ready to head out in some workplace and want to get job training, but you still confused about what kind of profession you want. To get clear with your career decision and doubt, you can seek information from any career counselor or advisor.

Instructions:

• Read books on careers, you can easily find it in any local library. Several books have aptitude tests, which helps to divert your attention to career options, which you had never considered before.

• Numerous books on career will teach you how to concentrate on right career and that will be really helpful for you.

• Go to career advisor at a local institute or organizations get lots of information about your career doubt. These peoples are trained to help people who are unsure about their career choice.

• They will help you in your career choice and provide material on a variety of career choice.

• You can also ask your “state employment commission” office about the resources they have for career developments. They usually organize free classes, designed to find right career for individuals.
• State employment commission also provides you information and training to enhance your skills.

• You can also find information about right career online. On internet you will find lots of scholarship and college websites which have an entire sections dedicated to making the right career decisions.

• Some search engines also provide information about grants, scholarships and other funding aid, through which you can fund your studies if your career choice is that expensive.

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Love is a feeling with many emotions, which is related to a sense of care and affection. The word love has a many different meanings, which ranges from general pleasure to intense attraction. The diverse use and definitions of love, it is combined with complex feelings these feelings make it difficult to define love.

Love is a deep, indescribable feeling of care and affection for another person. Love has a limited concept it however has a variety of feelings attached to it, from the loving desire and closeness of romance to the companionable relationship of family and friendly love. Love also acts as a major catalyst of relationships. Love is also the most used theme for creative arts.

The word love in English has a variety of meanings. Other languages use other words to explain the different concepts, but English language only uses the word love. Due to the cultural differences, it is very difficult to have a universal definition of love. If love is discussed in the abstract form, love is often referred as interpersonal form of love, it is an experience felt by two people. Love involves a lot care for another person, thing and even yourself. There are many famous and common proverbs of love. Philosopher Gottfried Leibniz said that love is “to be delighted by the happiness of another.”

Love is of two types:

• Impersonal Love: In this a person is said to be in love with an object or goal, if they value it a lot or are dedicated to it.
• Interpersonal Love: This is love between two human beings. It is a stronger form of emotions, than just having a liking towards one another. Interpersonal love is between friends, family members, and couples.

Love also has many psychological disorders like erotomania. In the entire history, religion and philosophy have made many theories about love. Even the science of psychology has many theories about love in the past century.

Finding your true love is easy. Here are a few steps on how to find love.

Steps:

• If you want to find true love do not search for it. This may sound crazy, how can you manage to find something that you are not at all looking for? The longer you look for it, it will continue to escape you. Your focus should be on not finding love.
• If you are not happy with yourself, then you will never be happy with anyone else. Focus on yourself, if you want to find true love, love yourself first. The basic problem is many people do not do it. We often look for someone else to complete us. You should never the responsibility of your happiness on another person it is not fair. Depression loves company, so you would just be creating unlucky circumstances for your loved one. To be happy with someone else, you will have to make sure that you are happy with the way you are.
• First, decide with what kind of a person do you want, and then decide if you will be able to attract that person. You cannot expect to attract a person who is completely different from you. Go out to clubs, hang out with friends, and see if you can find your mate there.
• Always keep in mind that opposites attract. Your ideal person should be who is opposite from you. If one of you is shy, an extrovert partner will be a perfect match, if you are a planner, a spontaneous and creative partner will be good.
• If you want to meet your ideal partner, go to places where you might not like to go, but your opposite partner may be there. Make sure that you are not completely different from each other you should have similar kind of dreams and goals.

Tips:

• Never be afraid to take risks. Accept the dates that come your way, go for parties. You can also attend networking event. Always remember practice makes a man perfect.
• You can also meet many people on the social networking sites.

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The discipline, which is involved in ‘peace study’ includes subjects like psychology, political science, gender studies, religious studies, geography, international relationships, economics, anthropology and history.

Every one loves to have peace in their lives. We should go through some processes to seek peace. In this tutorial you will learn the process to attain peace.

Instructions:

• Strive for salvation, after giving your life, soul and heart to god; you will realize that you have peace because god has forgiven your present and past sins.

• If you confess yourself in front of god, you will realize that the peace you are looking for comes by knowing you life and heart. The real happiness lies with god.

• God lies in your control. World peace is completely opposite of god’s peace; you can never find it in positive thinking, good feeling and in absence of conflict.

• If you start believing that whatever is happening in this world is controlled by god, he is responsible for everything and leave everything to him, then you will feel real peace.

• Be respectful to god. Peace of mind comes from following and listening to God and his words. If you love god, and have faith in him, obey his word, then peace will come flowing like a calm river.

• Focus on God’s promises; it is the only way to find happiness and peace for your mind. Trust god blindly, he will show you the way to happiness and will bring peace to your exhausted and drained soul.

• For finding god and seeking happiness or peace, you can go to some ‘ashram’ or ‘convent’. Try to help others such as poor people. Helping others unconditionally will give you great peace of mind.

Read mythological or holy books for example ‘The Geeta’ or ‘The Bible’. It will help you to think positively and make you believe that god is always there to help and guide you.

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Not all the ancestors of a person are related to each other. Human beings have the maximum number of ancestors. It is believed that the ancestors exist from the nth generation. Where n=40, which means that humans are living since 40 generations. There have been nearly 2046 human ancestors since the 10^th generation. It is also believed that the ancestors of humans are multiply related, which is also know as pedigree collapse. Pedigree collapse means that two people, who come together for reproduction, share the common ancestors to decrease the size of their family tree for their kid.

There are a few cultures in the world, where ancestors are worshipped, living or dead. Many youths show very little respect to the elderly. Finding ancestors in not that difficult anymore, here are a few steps, which will help you.

Steps:

• Make a list of all the websites of genealogy. Many websites have a huge database that contains information to will help you in looking for your ancestors, even with the help of their name. There a few people who have dedicated all their time, to trace their ancestors and are successful in finding information.
• You can also join a forum in genealogy. If you are planning to search for your ancestor by a specific name or last name, then post a message on the general forum of genealogy. These people can help you in finding your ancestors or information about it.
• If you are unable to find information on a genealogy forum, then you can also check the records of census. The records in the census are nearly seventy years old and accessible to everyone. The census records starts from the 1790, but many of the old records are written manually hence, it is difficult to scan.
• You can check the records of the courthouse. In those records, you can find all the death, birth and marriage certificates. The courthouse also has the land records. These dates are helpful, if you want to check the dates of land ownership.
• Go through the archives of newspapers. Go to a local library and check out all the old newspapers there. However, you will require the date to make it easier to check the archives. Read the obituaries, marriage and the birth sections in the paper. Try to find information about the events that happened at the time of your ancestors, it would be helpful for searching data.
• You can also take some help from your relatives and start making your family tree.

Tips and Warnings:

• To find your ancestors, make sure that you check all the possible records. Do not give-up; it is a time consuming process. Join various forums like genealogy, they are helpful.
• Always remember to check the census records. Take help from your parents and relatives in finding your ancestors.

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Other than configuration and schema directory partition replicas, every domain controller in a forest stores a full and exact replica of a single domain directory partition. So, a domain controller is able to find only the objects in its domain. Finding an object in a different domain needs the user or application to provide the domain of the requested object.

The global catalog can locate objects from any domain without any knowhow of the domain name. A global catalog server is basically a domain controller that can store a partial and read-only replica of the remaining domain directory partitions. The additional domain directory partitions are partial because there are limited set of attributes for each object. When you include the only attributes that you use for searching, the database of a single global catalog server can represent every object in every domain even in the largest forest.

The following events require a global catalog server:

Forest-wide searches:

The global catalog provides a resource to search an AD DS forest. Ldap port distinguishes the Forest-wide searches easily. If the search query makes use of port 3268, the global catalog server will take care of the search query.

User logon:

In a forest containing more than one domain, two conditions require the global catalog during user authentication:

In a domain operating with the Windows 2000 or higher version, the domain controllers must request universal group membership details from a global catalog server.

When the logon occurs with a user principal name (UPN) and the forest contains more than one domain, you require a global catalog server to resolve the name.

Universal Group Membership Caching: In a forest containing more than one domain and in sites that contains domain users but no global catalog server, you can use universal group membership caching to enable caching of logon credentials. Now, the global catalog does not require contacting for subsequent user logons. This feature gets rid of the need to retrieve universal group memberships across a WAN link from a global catalog server in a different site.

You can use the setting on the NTDS Settings object to denote whether a domain controller is specified as a global catalog server.

Administrative Credentials:

You have to be a member of the domain users group in active directory to use this procedure.

To identify whether a domain controller is a global catalog server:

First of all, open active directory sites and services.

In the console tree, enlarge the sites container. Now, expand the domain controller’s site that you want to check. Expand the server’s container and after that expand the server object.

Right click on the NTDS settings object. After that click the properties tab.

On the general tab, if the Global Catalog box is chosen, the domain controller is assigned as a global catalog server.

Configuring Global Catalog:

To configure a domain controller as a Global Catalogs is a skill. At the start, it is a difficult process but once you practice it and check the Global Catalog box, you will always remember that difficult path.

Let us start with the active directory sites and services snap-in.  Expand sites and set default fist site name for server.  Choose your server and search for the NTDS settings.  Now, Right click and choose properties tab. You just need to tick the global catalog box now.

You need to reboot the Windows Server 2000 server. The problem is that the interface does not tell you to reboot.  This problem is taken care by the Windows Server 2003. Now you do not have to reboot while you enable or disable global catalog.

The only difference on these instructions is that the servers are on different sites and not in the Default-First-Site-Name.

If there are firewall restrictions, LDAP uses port 389 for read and write and port 3268 for global catalog search operations.

You need not to worry even when you have only one domain.

Even when you have only one domain, there is nothing wrong if you don’t have a local global catalog server.  However, in case of a forest then there can be a problem and delays can result into a problem unless you locate global catalog servers judiciously.  The root of the problem is listing universal group membership.  It is actually pointless to use universal groups in a single domain. If you did so, they will result into users in your domain. There is no need to check other domains.

Global catalog servers’ summary:

Here the most important point with active directory is that the domain controllers, which are not global catalog servers, cannot find universal groups in other domains.  They have to contact a global catalog server otherwise the domain controller cannot proceed with the logon request. This is done for security purposes.  You can also plan for extra global catalog servers.  However, if there is only one domain, you do not require any more Global Catalog servers.

Global catalog is basically a data repository. Now, you know all about the global catalog servers. How to find a global catalog server is not a difficult work for you now. You just need a few steps that can help you to find a global catalog server.

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