To calculate the population of a certain place or a society, it is necessary to know how much of the population has demised and how many new born infants are there. For these calculations, there are measures called the birth rate and the death rate. In this article, you will get to know to measure one important part of calculation of total population of a certain place or society. This article will tell you how to calculate mortality rate.
Before moving forward, we should know what mortality rate means. Mortality rate is the measurement of death in a certain region with respect to its population. It is a measure of the numbers of death in a particular region with respect to its population size per unit time. It is generally expressed in number of deaths per 1000 individuals per year.
There are different kinds of mortality rate. They are mentioned below.
- Crude mortality rate: The total number of deaths per year per 1000 people is called crude mortality rate.
- Perinatal mortality rate: The total number of fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 births is called perinatal mortality rate.
- Maternal mortality rate: The total number of maternal deaths per 1000 women of reproductive age is called maternal mortality rate.
- Infant mortality rate: The total number of infants’ (children below 1 year) deaths per 1000 live birth is known as infant mortality rate.
- Child mortality rate: The total number of child (more than 1 and less than 5 years) deaths per 1000 live births is called child mortality rate.
- Standardized mortality rate: SMR is a representation of a proportional comparison to the numbers of deaths that would be expected if the population had been of a slandered composition in terms of age, gender etc.
- Age-specific mortality rate: ASMR refers to the total number of deaths per 1000 people of a given age band per year.
There are two more types of mortality rates which are distinguished regarding success or failure of medical treatments or process, that is:
- Early mortality rate: The total number of deaths when treatment is in early stage.
- Late mortality rate: The total number of deaths when treatment is in its later stage.
Here is how you can calculate the above-mentioned mortality rates.
- Crude mortality rate is the total number of deaths per 1000 people. It means mortality rate of 9% in a population of 1, 00,000 will be 900 deaths per year in that population.
Therefore, crude mortality rate = total number of death x 1000 / total population
- Infant mortality rate is the total number of infant death per 1000 live birth.
Therefore, infant mortality rate = total number of infant deaths x 1000 / total live birth
- Child mortality rate is calculated as the total number of child death per 1000 live birth.
Therefore, child mortality rate = total number of child death x 1000 / total live birth
- To calculate age-specific mortality rate, let us take an age band of 70-80 years and cause be Y.
Now, the age specific death rate per 1000 population = total number of death x 1000 / total population of people in the age band of 70-80.
It is to be noted that the crude death rate depends upon age specific mortality rate and age distribution of the population which can give a misleading impression. The mortality rate is normally higher in less developed countries than in highly developed countries.
Here is a list of ten countries with the highest mortality rate in the world:
|
No. |
country |
Death rate (number of death per 1000 people) |
| 1. | Swaziland | 30.83 |
| 2. | Angola | 24.8 |
| 3. | Lesotho | 22.20 |
| 4. | Sierra Leone | 21.91 |
| 5. | Zambia | 21.34 |
| 6. | Liberia | 20.73 |
| 7. | Mozambique | 20.07 |
| 8. | Afghanistan | 19.18 |
| 9. | Djibouti | 19.10 |
| 10. | Central African republic | 17.84 |
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